Facts on water

Water An Wonderfull Liquid

1.Water is made up of two elements, hydrogen and oxygen. Its chemical formula is H2O.

                                          

2.Each molecule of water is made up of two hydrogen atoms bonded to a single oxygen atom.

3.The existence of water is essential for life on Earth.

4.Water has three different states, liquid, solid and gas.

5.The word water usually refers to water in its liquid state. The solid state of water is known as ice while the gas state of water is known as steam or water vapor.

6.Water covers around 70% of the Earth’s surface.

7.The three largest oceans on Earth are the Pacific Ocean (largest), the Atlantic Ocean (second largest) and the Indian Ocean (third largest). 

Water Facts:

1. Almost 4 million people die each year from water related diseases.

2. The average toilet uses 8 litres of clean water in a single flush.

3. At any one time, more than half the world’s poor are ill due to inadequate sanitation, water or hygiene.

4. It takes over 11,000 litres of water to produce a pound of coffee.

5. Half the world’s schools do not have access to clean water, nor adequate sanitation.

6. It takes about 300 litres of water to make the paper for just one Sunday newspaper.

7. Agriculture is responsible for about 70% of the world’s water usage. Industry uses a further 22%.

8. 443 million school days are lost each year due to water related illness.

9. On average, women in Africa and Asia have to walk 3.7 miles to collect water.

10. The average dishwasher uses over 100 litres per cycle.

11. It takes up to 5000 litres of water to produce 1kg of rice.

12. 80% of all illness in the developing world comes from water born diseases.

13. Drilling a fresh water well can cost anything from a few hundred dollars to over $40,000.

14. Over 2.6 billion people lack access to adequate sanitation.

15. 90% of wastewater in developing countries is discharged into rivers or streams without any treatment.

16. About 1.8 million child deaths a year are due to diarrhea.

17. An 18 litre can of water weighs20 kilos.

18. About half the world’s hospital beds are occupied by someone with a water related illness.

19. A five minute shower in an American household will use more water than a person living in a developing world slum will use in a whole day.

20. A third of the people without access to clean water live on less than a dollar a day. More than two thirds live on less than two dollars a day.

21. Water consumption in a US household iseight times that of an Indian household.

22. In India alone, water born diseases cost the economy 73 million working days per year.

23. In sub-Saharan Africa a child’s chance of dying from diarrhea is over 500 times greater than in Europe.

24. Approximately 2.5 billion people lack access to appropriate sanitation facilities.

25. About 1.2 billion people have absolutely no access to a sanitation facility.

26. In a typical year in Africa 5–10 times the number of people die from diarrhea than from war.

27. Simply washing hands can decrease the chance of diarrhea by around 35%.

28. Global sales of bottled water account for over $60-$80 billion each year.

29. A child dies of water born diseases about every 15 seconds (that’s about 12 children just since you started reading this article). By this time tomorrow, another 2,500 will be dead.

30. As little as one dollar can provide clean water for a child in the developing world for an entire year.

20 Interesting and Useful Water Facts:

1.Roughly 70 percent of an adult’s body is made up of water.

2.At birth, water accounts for approximately 80 percent of an infant’s body weight.

3.A healthy person can drink about three gallons (48 cups) of water per day.

4.Drinking too much water too quickly can lead to water intoxication. Water intoxication occurs when water dilutes the sodium level in the bloodstream and causes an imbalance of water in the brain.

5.Water intoxication is most likely to occur during periods of intense athletic performance.

6.While the daily recommended amount of water is eight cups per day, not all of this water must be consumed in the liquid form. Nearly every food or drink item provides some water to the body.

7.Soft drinks, coffee, and tea, while made up almost entirely of water, also contain caffeine. Caffeine can act as a mild diuretic, preventing water from traveling to necessary locations in the body.

8.Pure water (solely hydrogen and oxygen atoms) has a neutral pH of 7, which is neither acidic nor basic.

9.Water dissolves more substances than any other liquid. Wherever it travels, water carries chemicals, minerals, and nutrients with it.

10.Somewhere between 70 and 75 percent of the earth’s surface is covered with water.

11.Much more fresh water is stored under the ground in aquifers than on the earth’s surface.

12.The earth is a closed system, similar to a terrarium, meaning that it rarely loses or gains extra matter. The same water that existed on the earth millions of years ago is still present today.

13.The total amount of water on the earth is about 326 million cubic miles of water.

14.Of all the water on the earth, humans can used only about three tenths of a percent of this water. Such usable water is found in groundwater aquifers, rivers, and freshwater lakes.

15.The United States uses about 346,000 million gallons of fresh water every day.

16.The United States uses nearly 80 percent of its water for irrigation and thermoelectric power.

17.The average person in the United States uses anywhere from 80-100 gallons of water per day. Flushing the toilet actually takes up the largest amount of this water.

18.Approximately 85 percent of U.S. residents receive their water from public water facilities. The remaining 15 percent supply their own water from private wells or other sources.

19.By the time a person feels thirsty, his or her body has lost over 1 percent of its total water amount.

20.The weight a person loses directly after intense physical activity is weight from water, not fat.

More ocean facts:-

1.Found in the Pacific Ocean, the Mariana Trench is the deepest known point in the world’s oceans.

2.Ocean tides are caused by the rotation of the Earth and the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun acting on ocean water.

3.Water from a sea or ocean is known as seawater. On average, every kilogram (2.2lb) of seawater contains around 35 grams (1.2 oz) of dissolved salt.

4.The freezing point of water lowers as the amount of salt dissolved in at increases. With average levels of salt, seawater freezes at -2 °C (28.4 °F).

5.The longest river in the world is the Nile River, it reaches 6650 kilometers in length (4132 miles).

6.The second longest river in the world is the Amazon River, it reaches 6400 kilometres (4000 miles) in length.

7.The longest river in the USA is the Missouri River. At around 2,340 miles (3,770 km) in length it is slightly longer than the Mississippi River (2,320 miles). The two combine to form the longest river system in North America.

8.Water makes a good solvent with many sugar, salts and acids easily dissolving in it. On the other hand oils and fats don’t mix well with water.

9.The water cycle involves water evaporating (turning into a gas), rising to the sky, cooling and condensing into tiny drops of water or ice crystals that we see as clouds, falling back to Earth as rain, snow or hail before evaporating again and continuing the cycle. Learn more about the water cycle.

10.Water in the form of ice is found at the polar ice caps of the planet Mars, some scientists have also suggested the possibility of liquid water on the red planet.

11.Pure water has no smell and no taste, it also has a pH level around 7.

12.While most people know that water boils at 100 °C (212 °F), this is at the normal conditions of sea level. 

13.The boiling point of water actually changes relative to the barometric pressure. For example, water boils at just 68 °C (154 °F) on the top of Mount Everest while water deep in the ocean near geothermal vents can remain in liquid form at temperatures much higher than 100 °C (212 °F).

14.Water expands as it cools from 4 °C to 0 °C (above 4 °C it does the opposite). In freezing conditions, water has been known to burst water pipes as it freezes to ice.

15.Water can move up narrow tubes against the force of gravity in what is known as capillary action. Check out this capillary action experiment for more.

16.Most people around the world have access to clean drinking water but it is a major problem in poorer areas of the world. Water pollution and low quality water can lead to dangerous bacteria, disease and viruses such as E coli and Cryptosporidium.

17.Drinking water is needed for humans to avoid dehydration, the amount you need each day depends on the temperature, how much activity you are involved in and other factors.

18.An important use for water is in agricultural irrigation, this is when water is artificially added to soil in order to assist the growth of crops.

19.Water is used frequently by firefighters to extinguish fires. Helicopters sometimes drop large amount of water on wildfires and bushfires to stop fires spreading and limit the damage they can cause.

20.The water industry helps deliver water to homes in various cities and countries around the world. This can involve services such as purification, sewage treatment, filtering, distillation and plumbing.

21.Electricity can be created from hydropower, a process that uses water to drive water turbines connected to generators. There are many hydroelectric power stations around the world.

22.Water also plays a role in cooking. Steaming and boiling food are well known cooking methods. You may have noticed this last time you made pasta or noodles.

23.Water is also used for fun. Water sports are a very popular recreational activity and include things like swimming, surfing and waterskiing. Ice and snow is also used in ice skating, ice hockey, skiing and snowboarding.

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